What Is The Difference Between Oil Immersed Transformers And Dry Type Transformers?

What is the difference between oil immersed transformers and dry type transformers?

structure

Oil immersed transformers are composed of windings and iron cores, both of which are immersed in oil. The winding is wrapped in insulating material to ensure the safety of current transmission. Iron cores are used for storing and transmitting magnetic energy. The insulation capacity of oil immersed transformers is higher because the windings are completely immersed in insulation oil, which can effectively reduce the aging of insulation materials caused by high temperatures. This structure also makes the volume of oil immersed transformers larger and heavier.

The structure of dry type transformers is different from that of oil immersed transformers. The winding and iron core do not require the use of oil for insulation. Usually, the winding is wrapped in multiple layers of insulation material, and then a protective layer is added outside the insulation material. The iron core is composed of layers of iron chips, reducing the loss of magnetic flux. Due to the absence of oil intervention, dry type transformers have a smaller volume and are easy to install and handle.

operational principle

The working principle of oil immersed transformers is to use oil as a cooling medium and insulation material. When the current in the transformer passes through the winding, it will cause the winding and iron core to heat up. The presence of oil can absorb this heat and dissipate it through the oil cooling system. The insulation characteristics of oil can prevent the formation of arcs between windings, ensuring the safe operation of the power system. Oil immersed transformers require regular inspection and maintenance of the quality of the oil, as aging of the oil can lead to a decrease in insulation capacity.

Dry type transformers use air as the cooling medium, so oil is not required for cooling. The winding and iron core are cooled by natural convection of air. Dry type transformers require relatively less maintenance and do not require oil quality inspection or replacement.

maintenance

The maintenance of oil immersed transformers requires regular inspection of the quality, insulation strength, and oil cooling system of the oil. For large transformers, it is also necessary to check for oil leakage, aging of insulation materials, and connection bolts of windings. Regular oil quality testing can ensure the insulation capacity of oil immersed transformers and predict potential faults.

The maintenance work of dry-type transformers is relatively limited, but it is still necessary to regularly check the status of insulation materials to ensure their insulation capacity is normal.

environmental effect

The oil of oil-immersed transformers is an insulating material that, if leaked, may cause serious pollution to the environment. Therefore, strict environmental protection regulations must be followed when using and handling oil-immersed transformers. Waste oil must undergo specialized treatment and recycling.

Dry type transformers do not require the use of oil as insulation material, so their impact on the environment is minimal. This makes dry type transformers more suitable for indoor use, especially in places with strict requirements for environmental pollution, such as hospitals or laboratories.

There are significant differences between oil-immersed transformers and dry-type transformers in terms of structure, working principle, maintenance, and environmental impact. The choice of transformer depends on the specific application and environmental requirements. Although oil immersed transformers have high insulation capacity and heat dissipation performance, maintenance work is relatively cumbersome. Dry type transformers are small in size, easy to maintain, and have little impact on the environment. Therefore, when selecting transformers, trade-offs and decisions should be made based on the actual situation

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