Why is the excitation inrush current of dry-type transformers greater than that of oil-immersed transformers

Why is the excitation inrush current of dry-type transformers greater than that of oil-immersed transformers

1. Transformer structure: Dry type transformers and oil immersed transformers have different structures, where there is no direct cooling medium between the winding and iron core of the dry type transformer, while oil immersed transformers require oil for heat dissipation and cooling. Therefore, during the startup process, the dry type transformer needs to consume more energy, resulting in greater excitation inrush current.

2. Insulation materials: The insulation materials used in dry type transformers are different from those used in oil immersed transformers, mainly using materials such as magnesium oxide and glass fiber. These materials have good insulation properties, but their dielectric constant is smaller compared to the insulation materials of oil-immersed transformers, resulting in the need for greater electrical energy to establish a magnetic field during start-up of dry-type transformers.

3. Operating environment: Oil immersed transformers have good heat dissipation and cooling effects, and can operate at higher ambient temperatures. Dry type transformers need to operate at lower temperatures, so they need to consume more electrical energy to maintain their operating state, resulting in larger excitation inrush currents.

Therefore, compared to oil-immersed transformers, dry-type transformers require more energy consumption and generate greater excitation inrush current during start-up. In practical applications, in order to reduce the excitation inrush current of dry-type transformers, scientific and reasonable measures need to be taken during design and manufacturing, and the equipment needs to be regularly inspected and maintained to ensure its safe and stable operation.

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