The basic structure of the transformer
Jul 13, 2021
Usually power transformers are mostly oil-immersed. The iron core and windings are immersed in an oil tank filled with transformer oil, and the end of each winding is led to the outside of the oil tank through an insulating sleeve to connect with the external circuit. Therefore, the power transformer is mainly composed of five parts:
1. an iron core
The core of the transformer is the magnetic circuit of the transformer. Since the magnetic flux in the transformer core is an alternating magnetic flux, in order to reduce the eddy current loss, the transformer core is laminated with electrical steel sheets.
2. Winding
According to the classification of the windings in the iron core, transformers can be divided into two types: iron core type and iron shell type. There are two basic forms of transformer windings: concentric and overlapping. Concentric windings are commonly used in iron-core transformers, and overlapping windings are commonly used in iron-shell transformers.
3. Transformer oil
The role of transformer oil is twofold:
(1) Insulation can be reinforced.
(2) The heat is emitted from the iron core and winding due to loss, and the heat is transferred to the surface of the iron box through the convection of the oil after being heated, and then dissipated to the surroundings from the surface of the iron box.
4. Fuel tank
The function of the oil tank is to reduce the contact area between the oil and the air to reduce the oxidation rate of the oil and the moisture intruding into the transformer.
5. Insulating sleeve
The insulating sleeve is composed of a central conductive copper rod and a porcelain sleeve.
